Quick answer
The producing mines are three underground mines and eight surface mines.[1] They produced bituminous coal, and EIA places them in the Appalachia Central coal supply region.[1] Mines in the county produced 503,885 short tons in 2023, so output fell by about 19 percent in 2024.[1]
| Mine | Type | Coal rank | Short tons, 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Stonega Strip #10 | Surface | Bituminous | 77,871 |
| Mine No. 2 | Underground | Bituminous | 57,716 |
| Shm-71 | Surface | Bituminous | 54,079 |
| Derby Strip #9 | Surface | Bituminous | 51,119 |
| Osaka | Underground | Bituminous | 41,489 |
| No. 26 Strip | Surface | Bituminous | 33,099 |
| Highwall Miner #1 | Surface | Bituminous | 26,071 |
| Hickory Gap Strip #4 | Surface | Bituminous | 18,731 |
| No. 2 | Underground | Bituminous | 15,422 |
| Preacher Creek Strip | Surface | Bituminous | 15,405 |
| True Energy Fuels Mine No. 2 | Surface | Bituminous | 15,161 |
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Annual Coal Report mine-level data for 2024, released November 19, 2025. Data compiled November 1, 2026.
Surface mining is often used when coal is less than 200 feet underground, and underground mining is used when coal lies deeper.[2] Bituminous coal is the most abundant rank found in the United States, and lignite has the lowest energy content.[3] The coal leases in a 2020 West Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals decision carried a tonnage royalty, a minimum annual royalty and a fixed term of years.[4] Virginia is one of the 24 states with an approved coal regulatory program, so the state is the primary regulator of coal mining there and handles permitting, inspection and enforcement, with oversight from the federal Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement.[5]
The Appalachian coal region includes Alabama, eastern Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia, and underground mines supply most of its coal.[6]
What Buckhead buys depends on the deal, and Buckhead tells the seller up front which interest it is offering to buy — for example, the payments for the rest of the current lease term, a term easement, or a longer-term interest. The coal leases in a 2020 West Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals decision carried a tonnage royalty, a minimum annual royalty and a fixed term of years.[4] Coal rights can also be divided by seam: in one West Virginia case, the leases covered all the coal in all seams above a named seam on the leased tracts.[4]
Educational information only — not legal, tax, or investment advice. The figures are public reference data, not a valuation or appraisal of any interest. Consult a qualified attorney, CPA, or landman about your specific situation.
Wise County, Virginia had 11 producing coal mines in 2024, which produced 406,163 short tons of coal, according to mine-level data in the U.S. Energy Information Administration's Annual Coal Report for 2024.[1] Mines in the county produced 503,885 short tons in 2023, so output fell by about 19 percent in 2024.[1]
The mines that produced the most coal were Stonega Strip #10 (surface, 77,871 short tons), Mine No. 2 (underground, 57,716 short tons), Shm-71 (surface, 54,079 short tons), Derby Strip #9 (surface, 51,119 short tons) and Osaka (underground, 41,489 short tons).[1] The next were No. 26 Strip (surface, 33,099 short tons), Highwall Miner #1 (surface, 26,071 short tons) and Hickory Gap Strip #4 (surface, 18,731 short tons), plus three more in the table above.[1]
Buckhead Energy buys coal mineral rights and coal royalties. What Buckhead buys depends on the deal, and Buckhead tells the seller up front which interest it is offering to buy — for example, the payments for the rest of the current lease term, a term easement, or a longer-term interest.
The producing mines are three underground mines and eight surface mines.[1] Surface mining is often used when coal is less than 200 feet underground, and underground mining is used when coal lies deeper.[2]
Virginia is one of the 24 states with an approved coal regulatory program, so the state is the primary regulator of coal mining there and handles permitting, inspection and enforcement, with oversight from the federal Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement.[5]
Nearby Virginia counties and independent cities with producing coal mines include Dickenson County (3,473,822 short tons in 2024), Russell County (106,124 short tons in 2024), Buchanan County (5,091,755 short tons in 2024) and Tazewell County (671,994 short tons in 2024).[1]
Coal Mineral Rights and Royalties in Virginia
Selling Coal Mineral Rights and Coal Royalties
Oil and gas mineral rights in Wise County, Virginia
Coal Mineral Rights and Royalties in Dickenson County
Coal Mineral Rights and Royalties in Russell County
[1] Annual Coal Report, mine-level production (2024 data, released November 19, 2025) — U.S. Energy Information Administration (accessed November 1, 2026)
[2] Coal explained: Coal mining and transportation — U.S. Energy Information Administration (accessed November 1, 2026)
[3] Coal explained — U.S. Energy Information Administration (accessed November 1, 2026)
[4] Iaeger Energy Development, LLC v. Moore, No. 18-0409 (memorandum decision, Jan. 13, 2020) — Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia (accessed November 1, 2026)
[5] Regulating Active Coal Mines — Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (accessed November 1, 2026)
[6] Coal explained: Where our coal comes from — U.S. Energy Information Administration (accessed November 1, 2026)
Buckhead Energy buys coal mineral rights and coal royalties.
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